♥Basic Carpentry and Plumbing♥
T.L.E. 60

Carpenter - is a skilled craftsperson who performs carpentry. Carpenters work with wood to construct, install and maintain buildings, furniture, and other objects. The work may involve manual labor and work outdoors.

Joinery- is a part of woodworking that involves joining together pieces of wood to create furniture, structures, toys, and other items. Some wood joints employ fasteners, bindings, or adhesives, while others use only wood elements. The characteristics of wooden joints - strength, flexibility, toughness,appearance - derive from the properties of the joining materials and from how they are used in the joints.

♥Traditional Woodworking Joints♥

• Butt joint -the end of a piece of wood is butted against another piece of wood. This is the simplest and weakest joint.
• Miter joint -similar to a butt joint, but both pieces have been cut at a 45 degree angle.
• Lap joints - one piece of wood will overlap another.
• Box joint - also called a finger joint, used for the corners of boxes. It involves several lap joints at the ends of two boards.
• Dovetail joint- a form of box joint where the fingers are locked together by diagonal cuts.
• Edge joint- the edges of two boards are joined.
• Dado joint-a slot is cut across the grain in one piece for another piece to set into; shelves on a bookshelf having slots cut into the sides of the shelf, for example.
• Groover joint- the slot is cut with the grain.
• Tongue and groove- each piece has a groove cut all along one edge, and a thin, deep ridge (the tongue) on the opposite edge. If the tongue is unattached, it is considered a spline joint.
• Mortise and tenon- a stub (the tenon) will fit tightly into a hole cut for it (the mortise). This is a hallmark of Mission Style furniture, and also the traditional method of jointing frame and panel members in doors, windows, and cabinets.

Plumbing - from the Latin plumbum for lead as pipes were once made from lead is the skilled trade of working with pipes, tubing and plumbing fixtures for drinking water systems and the drainage of waste.
A plumber is someone who installs or repairs piping systems, plumbing fixtures and equipment such as water heaters. The plumbing industry is a basic and substantial part of every developed economy due to the need for clean water, and proper collection and transport of wastes.